City of South Bend
- State:IndianaCounty:Saint Joseph CountyCity:South BendCounty FIPS:18141Coordinates:41°40′35″N 86°15′01″WArea total:42.40 sq miArea land:41.98 sq mi (108.72 km²)Area water:0.43 sq mi (1.10 km²)Elevation:692 ft (211 m)Established:1865; Incorporated (City) 1865 Founder Alexis Coquillard
- Latitude:41,6774Longitude:-86,252Dman name cbsa:South Bend-Mishawaka, IN-MITimezone:Eastern Standard Time (EST) UTC-5:00; Eastern Daylight Time (EDT) UTC-4:00ZIP codes:46601,46613,46614,46615,46616,46617,46619,46624,46626,46628,46634,46635,46637,46660,46680GMAP:
South Bend, Saint Joseph County, Indiana, United States
- Population:103,453Population density:2,464.57 residents per square mile of area (951.58/km²)Household income:$35,737Households:40,874Unemployment rate:11.70%
- Sales taxes:6.00%Income taxes:3.40%
South Bend is a city in and the county seat of St. Joseph County, Indiana. As of the 2020 census, the city had a total of 103,453 residents and is the fourth-largest city in Indiana. The population of South Bend declined after 1960, when it peaked at 132,445. Today, the largest industries in South Bend are health care, education, small business, and tourism. The city was featured in national news coverage of former mayor Pete Buttigieg, a candidate in the 2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries and current Secretary of Transportation in the Biden administration. The area was settled in the early 19th century by fur traders and was established as a city as a town in 1865. The South Bend area was popular because its portage was the shortest overland route from the St Joseph River to the Kankakee River. This route was used for centuries, first by the Native Americans, then by French explorers, missionaries and traders. The French explorer René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, was the first white European to set foot in what is now South Bend in December 1679. The Potawatomi occupied this region of Indiana until most of them were forcibly removed in the 1840s. In 1841, Schuyler Colfax purchased the South Bend Free Press and then turned it into a pro-Whig newspaper. He was elected to Congress in 1855, becoming Speaker of the House during the Abraham Lincoln administration. He joined the Republican Party like many of his day.
History
South Bend is the primary city name, but also Roseland are acceptable city names or spellings. The official name is City of South Bend. The first permanent white settlers of South Bend were fur traders who established trading posts in the area. The town was formally established in 1835, with Horatio Chapin as the first president of the board of town trustees. In 1856, attorney Andrew Anderson, Chapin's son-in-law, founded May Oberfell Lorber, the oldest continuous business in St. Joseph County. South Bend benefited from its location on the Michigan Road, the main north-south artery of northern Indiana in the 19th century. Father Edward Sorin founded the University of Notre Dame just north of the town in 1842. It became a major factor in the economy and culture of the area in the early 20th century and was incorporated as a city on May 22, 1865, with its first elections on June 5, 1865. The city was laid out as the county seat and as one of the four original townships of St.Joseph County with 128 residents in 1831. On October 4, 1851, the first steam locomotive entered South Bend. In the mid-20th century, the dredging of the Kankakee River created farmland to create farmland for German, Irish, Italian, Swedish and Swedish people to settle in the South Bend area. During this period, there was a great immigration of Polish, Hungarian, Italian and German people to South Bend because of employment available in factories. The area was popular because its portage was the shortest overland route from the St. Joe River to the Kanksakee river.
Geography
South Bend is located 5 mi (8.0 km) from the Michigan border and approximately equidistant from Illinois and Ohio. The St. Joseph River flows from the east end of the city turning north near the city center, giving South Bend its name at the bend in the river. South Bend has a humid continental climate, with a Köppen climate classification of Dfa. June, July and August are the warmest months, with average temperatures above 69 °F (21 °C) The snowiest month is usually January, with snowfall normally recorded from October through April. On average, South Bend receives 64.5 inches (164 cm) of snow per year. Spring and fall can be mild and overcast, but also severely stormy at times with 293 partly cloudy to cloudy days each year. According to the 2010 census, the city has a total area of 41.877 square miles (108.46 km²) of which 99% is land and 1% is water. The city is located on the northsouth continental divide, and the river flows northwest into Lake Michigan. Notre Dame, Indiana, is directly adjacent to the north. Mishawaka, Indiana is adjacent to South Bend's east side. It has been the subject of several redevelopment projects intended to revitalize the area. The Wayne Street neighborhood between Washington Street and Sunnymede Avenue along Jefferson Boulevard was designated a historic district in 1987. It is in Southwest South Bend north of West Ewing Avenue and west of South Main Street.
Demographics
As of the census of 2010, there were 101,168 people, 39,760 households, and 23,526 families residing in the city. The racial makeup of the city was 60.5% White, 26.6% African American, 1.3% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 6.9% from other races, and 4.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 13.0% of the population. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 3.19. The city's median age was 33.3 years, and the gender makeup was 48.4% male and 51. 6% female. The following ancestries were reported: African-American - 26%, German - 14.8%, Irish - 10.4%, Polish - 8.2%, English - 5.0%, American - 3.3%, Italian - 2.6%, Hungarian - 2,4%, French - 2, 0%, Dutch - 1.4, Swedish - 1,1%, Belgian - 0.9%. The U.S. Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. The US Census treats Hispanics/Latinos as a separate ethnic category and excludes them from this table. The 2020 census will be the first time the city has had a non-Hispanic white mayor in more than 30 years.
Economy
South Bend's location on the St. Joseph River led to an industrial-based economy in the late 19th century and early-to-mid-20th century. The Studebaker plant, which had at one time employed 45,000 persons, closed in 1963; its engine block plant shuttered the following year. Since the 1960s, education, health care, and small business have come to the forefront of South Bend's economy, though the city has never regained the level of prosperity it enjoyed before that time. The city's top employers are: Honeywell, Bosch, AM General, Crowe Horwath, and Tire Rack. The University of Notre Dame is the second largest employer in the city, employing 6,086 people. The St. Joe Valley Metronet is a 50-mile (80 km) dark fiber optic network that encircles South Bend and Mishawaka that allows for strong telecommunications connectivity. In 2013, 1,347 homes were vacant or abandoned. The Smart Street Initiative, a 20-year plan to make the city safer for pedestrians, bicyclists, and motorists, began in 2013. Redevelopment is underway for some abandoned industrial facilities, with the abandoned Oliver Corporation buildings being the most recent example of reclaimed industrial property being redeveloped. In 2015, the city announced it would provide free wireless internet access via the metronet in the City of South bend's downtown and East Bank areas. In 2009, Innovation Park and Ignition Park, dual-certified technology parks, have attracted technology businesses to South Bend.
Arts and culture
South Bend was influenced by a large influx of Polish Catholic immigrants in the late 19th century. Dyngus Day is widely celebrated on the Monday after Easter and it is the beginning of the city elections campaign season. Fat Tuesday is also celebrated in South Bend, with paczkis being a staple food product in the city for the day. The city and surrounding county have 23 Catholic churches, 11 Catholic schools and three Catholic universities (the University of Notre Dame, Holy Cross College, and Saint Mary's College) The South Bend Museum of Art is located in Century Center in downtown South Bend. The Studebaker National Museum holds a large collection of wagons and automobiles from the 150-year history of theStudebaker Corporation. The Indiana University South Bend Civil Rights Center is housed in the former Engman Natatorium. In 2010, Indiana University re-opened the building and now offers tours and events focusing on the histories of African Americans, Latinos, LGBTQ people, and the city's African-American population. The theatre's heyday was in 1940 with the premiere of Knute Rockne's All American, starring Ronald Reagan and Ronald Reagan. The former South Bend mansion of Clement Studebakers, named Tippecanoe Place, is now a restaurant. The museum also offers several classes and workshops for adults and children. The History Museum is the public name of the Northern Indiana Historical Society, the second-oldest historical society in Indiana, established in 1867 to collect and interpret the history of northern Indiana region.
Sports
The city is home to the South Bend Cubs, a Class A Minor League Baseball team. The South Bend Roller Girls, the city's non-profit flat-track roller derby league, was founded in March 2010. South Bend was the site of the VII Special Olympics Summer World Games in 1987. The East Race Waterway is one of only four operating artificial whitewater facilities in the United States, the others being Dickerson Whitewater Course, U.S. National Whitewater Center (in Charlotte, North Carolina), Adventure Sports Center International (in McHenry, Maryland), and Riversports Rapids (in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma) The Blackthorn Golf Course in South Bend isHome to the Four Winds Invitational of the Symetra Tour. Along with Notre Dame, South Bend also hosted the 1983 AAU Junior Olympics. The city is the home of the University of Notre Dame Fighting Irish, who play football, basketball, and other collegiate sports in the region. The University of South Bend has a women's soccer team, the Lions, which will play in the USL2 Valley Division in the summer of 2022. The team will play at TCU School Field with an inaugural season in Summer of 2020. The Ballpark Synagogue is a 1901 synagogue building on the grounds of the ballpark, which serves as the team's fan store. It is the nation's only ballpark synagogue and it is available for weddings and other events. In 2015, theSouth Bend Cubs broke their previous ticket sales record, with a total of 347,678 tickets sold.
Parks and recreation
South Bend's first zoo was located at Leeper Park from 1902 until 1914. The present zoo at Potawatomi Park began in 1921 when Albert R. Erskine, the president of the Studebaker Corporation, donated a single deer as the start of the zoo. In 2010, South Bend became one of 303 communities in the United States to be recognized as a "Bicycle-Friendly Community" by the League of American Bicyclists. The city has developed a long-term plan for building a 116-mile (187 km) South Bend Bikeway network. As of late 2014, 66.8 miles (107.5 km) of bicycle routes have been established, including 17.4 miles (28.0km) of multipurpose paths separated from streets. The East Race Waterway, which is used for boating and water sports, is located in the city's downtown area. The area is also served by the St. Joseph County Parks Dept, which maintains eight different parks and recreation areas. In 2007, the greenhouses and conservatories were in danger of closing due to increased operating costs, but a campaign by the Botanical Society of South Bend was able to raise funds to keep the facilities operating. The Parks department serves the metro area and is headed by a permanent staff and an appointed board. It is also known as the South Bend Parks and Recreation Department, which operates over 50 parks, golf courses, and recreational areas throughout the city.
Law and government
South Bend government follows the mayor-council representative model of municipal government. The government of South Bend is led by the office of the mayor, who is elected to a four-year term and acts as chief executive for the city government. Every South Bend mayor since 1972 has been a Democrat. The police force in South Bend has undergone many changes and expansions in its history, starting in 1831 when the first constables were appointed. All members of the Indiana General Assembly representing South Bend are Democrats, except Jake Teshka who is a Republican. It is one of only 6 cities in Indiana to offer legal protections for citizens based on sexual orientation and gender identity. On June 16, 2015, then-Mayor Pete Buttigieg announced in a South Bend Tribune editorial that he is gay, becoming the first openly gay executive in the state of Indiana. The city clerk is responsible for maintaining official city records and providing general clerical assistance to the City Council. All but one City Council member is a Democrat as of 2021. The current clerk is Dawn M. Jones, who was first elected in 2002. The prosecuting attorney for the 60th Judicial Circuit, which consists of St. Joseph County, is Michael A. Dvorak, who has been in office since 2002. South Bend's police force has been reorganized and renamed multiple times throughout its history. Scott Ruszkowski has served as chief since 2015. The department became officially known as the South Bend Police Department in 1903, until the department was renamed in 1903.
Education
The South Bend area contains several institutions of higher education. Indiana University South Bend is the third-largest campus in the Indiana University system. The South Bend Community School Corporation runs 17 primary centers (grades K5), seven intermediate centers (mostly grades 68), four high schools (grades 912) and an alternative school (grade 912), serving 16,725 students during the 201920 school year. There are also several private schools: Trinity School at Greenlawn, recipient of four Blue Ribbon Awards from the U.S. Department of Education, and The Stanley Clark School. The Diocese of Fort Wayne-South Bend operates 11 parochial grade schools and one high school in South Bend. The St. Joseph County Public Library with a Main Library, and branches in Francis, German, and Lasalle townships has a total of ten branches. The main library reopened in November 2021 after a full remodel that took two years. The school district received an accountability grade overall of C in 201819, the school district's accountability grade for the year was C-plus. The district's total enrollment for the 2018-19 school year was 5,092 students, and its total enrollment during the 2015-16 school year is 5,082 students. The public library system has ten branches throughout the county and from which any library card holder can select. The library system's main library will reopen in November 2019 after a remodel. It will be the first South Bend library to open in 20 years.
Air Quality, Water Quality, Superfund Sites & UV Index
The Air Quality index is in South Bend, Saint Joseph County, Indiana = 30.8. These Air Quality index is based on annual reports from the EPA. Higher values are better (100=best). The number of ozone alert days is used as an indicator of air quality, as are the amounts of seven pollutants including particulates, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, lead, and volatile organic chemicals. The Water Quality Index is 47. A measure of the quality of an area’s water supply as rated by the EPA. Higher values are better (100=best). The EPA has a complex method of measuring the watershed quality, using 15 indicators such as pollutants, turbidity, sediments, and toxic discharges. The Superfund Sites Index is 10. Higher is better (100=best). Based upon the number and impact of EPA Superfund pollution sites in the county, including spending on the cleanup efforts. The UV Index in South Bend = 3.5 and is a measure of an area's exposure to the sun's ultraviolet rays. This is most often a combination of sunny weather, altitude, and latitude. The UV Index has been defined by the WHO (www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/radiation-the-ultraviolet-(uv)-index) and is uniform worldwide.
Employed
The most recent city population of 103,453 individuals with a median age of 34.8 age the population dropped by -4.34% in South Bend, Saint Joseph County, Indiana population since 2000 and are distributed over a density of 2,464.57 residents per square mile of area (951.58/km²). There are average 2.45 people per household in the 40,874 households with an average household income of $35,737 a year. The unemployment rate in Alabama is 11.70% of the available work force and has dropped -6.79% over the most recent 12-month period and the projected change in job supply over the next decade based on migration patterns, economic growth, and other factors will increase by 14.72%. The number of physicians in South Bend per 100,000 population = 240.6.
Weather
The annual rainfall in South Bend = 38 inches and the annual snowfall = 72.3 inches. The annual number of days with measurable precipitation (over .01 inch) = 144. The average number of days per year that are predominantly sunny = 172. 83 degrees Fahrenheit is the average daily high temperature for the month of July and 16.9 degrees Fahrenheit is the average daily low temperature for the month of January. The Comfort Index (higher=better) is 49, where higher values mean a more pleasant climate. The Comfort Index measure recognizes that humidity by itself isn't the problem. (Have you noticed nobody ever complains about the weather being 'cold and humid?) It's in the summertime that we notice the humidity the most, when it's hot and muggy. Our Comfort Index uses a combination of afternoon summer temperature and humidity to closely predict the effect that the humidity will have on people.
Median Home Cost
The percentage of housing units in South Bend, Saint Joseph County, Indiana which are owned by the occupant = 55.69%. A housing unit is a house, apartment, mobile home, or room occupied as separate living quarters. The average age of homes = 54 years with median home cost = $78,010 and home appreciation of -1.23%. This is the value of the years most recent home sales data. Its important to note that this is not the average (or arithmetic mean). The median home price is the middle value when you arrange all the sales prices of homes from lowest to highest. This is a better indicator than the average, because the median is not changed as much by a few unusually high or low values. The property tax rate of $11.03 shown here is the rate per $1,000 of home value. If for simplification for example the tax rate is $14.00 and the home value is $250,000, the property tax would be $14.00 x ($250,000/1000), or $3500. This is the 'effective' tax rate.
Study
The local school district spends $6,694 per student. There are 17.3 students for each teacher in the school, 588 students for each Librarian and 806 students for each Counselor. 5.46% of the area’s population over the age of 25 with an Associate Degree or other 2-year college degree, 11.95% with a master’s degree, Ph.D. or other advanced college degree and 8.42% with high school diplomas or high school equivalency degrees (GEDs).
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South Bend's population in Saint Joseph County, Indiana of 35,999 residents in 1900 has increased 2,87-fold to 103,453 residents after 120 years, according to the official 2020 census.
Approximately 51.93% female residents and 48.07% male residents live in South Bend, Saint Joseph County, Indiana.
As of 2020 in South Bend, Saint Joseph County, Indiana are married and the remaining 51.80% are single population.
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21 minutes is the average time that residents in South Bend require for a one-way commute to work. A long commute can have different effects on health. A Gallup poll in the US found that in terms of mental health, long haul commuters are up to 12 percent more likely to experience worry, and ten percent less likely to feel well rested. The Gallup poll also found that of people who commute 61–90 minutes each day, a whopping one third complained of neck and back pain, compared to less than a quarter of people who only spend ten minutes getting to work.
78.69% of the working population which commute to work alone in their car, 13.23% of the working population which commutes to work in a carpool, 2.61% of the population that commutes using mass transit, including bus, light rail, subway, and ferry. 2.39% of the population that has their home as their principal place of work.
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Of the total residential buildings in South Bend, Saint Joseph County, Indiana, 55.69% are owner-occupied homes, another 32.91% are rented apartments, and the remaining 11.40% are vacant.
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The 42.08% of the population in South Bend, Saint Joseph County, Indiana who identify themselves as belonging to a religion are distributed among the following most diverse religions.