Panchang is the traditional Hindu calendar that gives information about the five elements (tithi, vara, nakshatra, yoga and karana) each day. Panchang is based on the movement of the Sun and Moon and varies by location and time zone. The basic details of sunrise panchang are important for determining auspicious days and planning different events like ceremonies, festivals, weddings, etc.
The basic panchang details at the time of sunrise can be calculated by using the following formulae:
- Tithi: A lunar day that begins on one new moon day and ends on the next. There are 30 tenths in a lunar month. Tithi at sunrise is determined by the difference between the longitudes of the Sun and the Moon divided by 12 degrees.
- Vara: A sunny day that begins with a sunrise and ends with another sunrise. There are seven vars in a week, named after the seven planets. Vara at sunrise is determined by the day of the week in the Gregorian calendar.
- Nakshatra: moon castle is one of the 27 parts of the zodiac. Each nakshatra lasts 13 degrees and 20 minutes. Nakshatra at sunrise is determined by the longitude of the Moon divided by 13 degrees and 20 minutes.
- Yoga: The angular relationship between the Sun and the Moon. There are 27 yogas in a lunar month, each with a span of 13 degrees and 20 minutes. The yoga at the time of sunrise is determined by adding the longitude of the Sun and the Moon and dividing by 13 degrees and 20 minutes.
- Karana: Half tithi is one of the 60 parts of the lunar month. Each penalty has an interval of 6 degrees. Karana at sunrise is determined by dividing the difference between the longitudes of the sun and the moon by 6 degrees and taking the remainder.
The key details of sunrise panchang can be used to highlight different aspects like rahu kala, gulika kala, yama ganda, abhijit muhurta etc. affect the quality and results of any activities performed that day.